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SOILS INVESTIGATION FOR PROPOSED
SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL LOT
PARCEL 2, MAP 11513
ENCINITAS, CALIFORNIA
PREPARED FOR:
Eric Davy
1133 Columbia Street, #202
San Diego, California 92101
PREPARED BY:
KETCHUM ENGINEERING, INC.
7818 Quebrada Circle
Carlsbad, California 92009
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KETCHUM ENGINEERING INC.
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May 19, 1988
KETCHUM ENGINEERING INC.
7818 QUEBRADA CIRCLE, CARlSBAD
(619)944-1836 . CALIF..92009
Eric Davy
1133 Columbia st., suite 202
San Diego, California 92101
KE8833
Report 1
Subject:
soils Investigation for a Proposed Single Family
Residential Lot, Parcel 2, Map 11513, ~ncinitas,
California. '
Gentlemen:
We are pleased to present the results of our soil investigation
for the subject project. This study was performed in accordance
with your request and our proposal dated April 28, 1988.
The results of our field investigation and laboratory tests, as
well as our conclusions and recommendations, are presented in the
accompanying report. .
We appreciate this opportunity to be of professional service. If
you have any questions, you are welcome to contact this office at
your convenience.
Respectfully submitted,
KETCHUM ENGINEERING, INC.
.
ENK/lk
5) Submitted
. .
KETCHUM
ENGINEERING INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS'
Introduction and Project Description
Purpose and Scope of Project
Field Investigation
Laboratory Testing'
Pindings
site Description
Subsurface Soil Conditions
Groundwater
Conclusions
RecoDDaendations
site Preparation
cut and pill Slopes
Foundations and Concrete Slabs-on-Grade
Pavement
Drainage
Earth Retaining structures
Limitations
2
2
3
3
"
"
"
"
"
5
5
6
7
8
8
9
10
ATTACHMENTS
Plate 1
Plate 2
Plate 3
Plate 4
Plate 5
Vicinity Map
site Plan
Unified Soil Classification
Trench Logs
MaximWD Density, Direct Shear, Expansion
APPENDIX
RecoDDaended Grading Specifications
, .
KETCHUM
ENGINEERING INC.
KESS33
Page 2
SOIL INVESTIGATION FOR PROPOSED
SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL LOT
PARCEL 2, MAP 11513
ENCIHITAS, CALIFORNIA
INTRODUCTION
This report presents the results of our soil investigation for
the subject site. The vicinity map for this project is presented
on Plate Number I. Plate Number 2 shows the site configuration
and the locations of our subsurface explorations. To assist in
the preparation of this report, we were provided with a
topography map that was prepared by Lambert and Associates, dated
April 6,1988. .
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
This project is located west of Encinitas on a private road north
of Candy Lane, Encinitas, California. The legal description of
the site is Parcel 2 of Map 11513, County of San Diego,
California. ,
Development of this site is proposed to consist of constructing a
one and/or two story, wood frame structure with slab-on-grade
construction. A pool is also proposed.
PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF PROJECT
The purpose of this investigation is to develop information
regarding the on-site soil conditions to determine their
suitability to receive the proposed development.
The scope of this study inciudes the following:
a)
Explore the subsurface conditions to the depths
influenced by the proposed construction.
Evaluate, by laboratory tests, the pertinent engineering
properties of the various strata which will influence
the development, including their bearing capacities,
expansive characteristics and settlement potential.
b)
c)
Develop soil engineering criteria for site grading and
provide design information regarding the stability of
cut and fill slopes.'
Determine potential construction difficulties and
provide recommendations concerning these problems.
d)
, .
. ,
KETCHUM
ENGINEERING INC.
KE8833
e)
Page 3
Recommend an appropriate foundation system for the type
of structures anticipated and develop soil engineering
design criteria for the recommended foundation design.
f)
Prepare a report that presents our findings, conclusions
and recommendations.
FIELD INVESTIGATION
Our 'field investigation was conducted on May 5, 1988 and
consisted of visual observations of the existing surface
conditions and completion of one subsurface excavation. This
excavation was made by hand ,under the observation of our
engineering personnel. All soils encountered were visually
classified in accordance with Unified Soil Classification System
that is presented on Plate Number 3. The representative soil
samples obtained were transported to the laboratory for testing.
Please refer to Plate Number 4 for the field log.
LABORATORY TESTING
Laboratory testing on selected soil samples were completed in
conformance with the general practices and procedures as
recommended by the American Society for Testing and Materials
(A.S.T.M.). These tests are briefly outlined below:
a.
Soil Sample Classification: By visual-examination, the
sampled soil classifications made in the field were
further evaluated in accord~nce with the Unified Soil
Classification System. The final classifications are
presented on the exploratory lags.
Field Moisture Content and Dry Soil Density: The
moisture content in percent of the soils dry weight and
the dry unit weight in pounds per cubic foot were
determined for selected soil samples. Please refer to
the exploration logs for the results of these tests.
b.
c.
Maximum Drv Density and Optimum Moisture Content: In
accordance with the A.S.T.M. Standard Test D-1557-70,
Method A, the maximum dry density, (pounds per cubic
foot), and the optimum moisture content, (percent of the
dry density), were established on typical samples.
Plate Number 5 presents the results of these tests.
d.
Direct Shear Test: Direct shear tests were performed to,
determine the failure envelope based on yield shear
strength. The shear box was designed to accommodate a
sample~aving diameters of 2.375 inches or 2.50 inches
. and a height of 1.0 inch. Samples were tested at
, .
. -,
KETCHUM ENGINEERING INC.
"
KE8833
Page 4
different vertical loads and at saturated moisture
content. The shear stress was applied at a constant
rate of strain of approximately 0.05 inches per minute.
The results of these tests are presented on attached
Plate Number 5.
FINDINGS
SITE DESCRIPTION
The site is an irregular shaped parcel that is typified by a .
northerly sloping ridge. There is an existing 1:1 cut slope that
runs along the easterly property line. An existing concrete
driveway provides the westerly boundary with an existing lot to
the south. An asphalt private road is to the north. This
property is covered with a moderate growth of the native shrubs.
SUBSURFACE SOIL CONDITIONS,
The site is capped with from zero to about 12 inches of a loose
brown, silty, sandy topsoil. Dense silty sandstones underly the
site. These sedimentary materials are typical ~f the Torrey
Sandstone Formation.
GROUNDWATER
Based on our investigation, we do not believe that a shallow
groundwater table exists at the site. No water table was
encountered in any of the test trenches. We do not, therefore,
anticipate any major groundwater related problems, either during.
or after. construction. However, it should be recognized that
minor groundwater seepage problems may occur after development of
a site even where none we're present before development. These
are usually minor phenomena and are often the result of an
al teration in drainage patterns and an increase in irrigation
water. Based on the permeability characteristics of the soil and
the anticipated usage of the development, it is our opinion that
minor seepage problems may occur at random locations. It is
further our opinion that these problems can be most effectively
corrected on an individual basis if, and when, they develop.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the findings of this study, we conclude that, with
respect to geotechnical aspects, the subject site is suitable for
the proposed proj ect provided the recommendations contained in
this report are fully complied with.
The on-site soils were visually determined to have a low
expansive potential and, therefore, should not require special
foundation design consideration.
KETCHUM
ENGINEERING INC.
KE8833
Page 5
The upper topsoils are loose and not suitable to receive
structural loads. We, therefore, recommend that they be removed
and replaced as an engineered fill prior to the placement of any
new fill or structural building loads.
We recommend that all structures such as pools and building
foundations be founded no closer than a slope ratio of 1.5:1 up
from the toe of the easterly cut slope. Foundations in this area
may have to be deepened to meet this requirement.
Further, it is suggested that this slope be cut back to at least.
a 1.5: 1 slope. The reason for this suggestion is that the
existing slope is too steep to sustain a planted landscape and
is, therefore, subject to erosion. Based on our analysis, both
the existing 1:1 slope and a l.5:l slope should be stable with
regard to deep seated slope failures.
RECOMMENDATIONS
SITE PREPARATION
PRECONSTRUCTION CONFERENCE: We recommend that a preconstruct ion
conference be held at the site with the developer, civil
eng ineer , contractor, and geotechnical engineer in attendance.
Special soil handling and the grading plans can be discussed at
that time.
SPECIFICATIONS: We recommend that all earthwork be done in
accordance with the attached "Recommended Grading
Specifications." Ketchum Engineering, Inc., should observe the
grading and test compacted fills.
All special site preparation recommendations presented in this
report will supercede those in the standard Recommended Grading
Specifications. All embankments, structural fill and fill should
be compacted to not less than 90 percent of the maximum
laboratory density. utility trench backfill within 5 feet of the
proposed structures and beneath asphalt pavements should be
compacted to not less than 90 percent of its maximum dry density.
The maximum dry density of each soil type should be determined in
accordance with A.S.T.M. Test Method l557-70.
DEMOLITIONS. CLEARING AND GRUBBING: During site preparation, all
debris and deleterious materials derived from demolition,
clearing and grubbing operations should be legally disposed of
off-site prior to grading. Any existing utilities that will not
be utilized should be removed and properly capped at the property
lines. The removal of trees should include the removal of their
roots. The depressions resulting from the above operation should
be backfilled with soil that has been compacted to at least 90'
relative compaction.
KETCHUM
ENGINEERING INC.
KE8833
Page 6
GENERAL: Beneath all areas to receive fill, structural loads,
sidewalks, or pavements, we recommend that the topsoils, and fill
be removed to firm natural ground and stockpiled for future use.
It is anticipated that firm natural ground will be encountered
from 0 to I foot below the existing surface. Firm natural ground
is defined as soil that possesses an in-place density equal to,
or greater than, 85% of its maximum dry density. The bottom of
the excavation should be scarified to a depth of at least 6
inches, watered as required, and densified to at least 90%. The
stockpiled soils may then be replaced and compacted to at least
90t in 6 to 8 inch lifts to de$ired grade. The lateral extent of
the above recommendations should include the area 10 feet beyond
the building perimeter.
TRANSITION AREAS: We recommend that the cut area beneath
structures be undercut to a minimum depth of I foot below the
base of the deepest footing. This recommendation is submitted in
an attempt to reduce the potential distress that could arise from
footings founded partially on cut and partially on fill.
MOISTURE CONTENT OF FILL SOILS: All fill soils placed should
have moisture contents of at least 2% over optimum moisture
content.
AREAS TO BE PAVED: All areas to be paved should have the
subgrade soils densified to at least 90% relative compaction to a
minimum depth of 12 inches. It is suggested that the' upper 12
inches of subgrade soils be comprised of granular select, non-,
expansive materials.
IMPORT MATERIALS: Any fill material t.o be imported on-site
should consist of granular, non-expansive soil that contains no
organic or deleterious materials. It should have sufficient
cohesion to hold a vertical, or near vertical cut for footing
excavations. It should have at least 85% of the material passing
the Number 4 sieve with no rocks or chunks larger than I l/2
inches. The import fill should be approved by our office prior
to on-site delivery.
CUT AND FILL SLOPES
It is our opinion that cut and fill slopes constructed from the
native on-site materials will be stable with relation to deep-
seated failures if constructed at, or flatter than, the
following recommended slope ratios expressed in the horizontal or
vertical units for the indicated heights:
Cut Slopes to 36 Feet in Height
Cut Slopes to 50 Feet in Height
Fill Slopes to 25 Feet in Height
1:1
1.5:1
2:1
KETCHUM
ENGINEERING INC.
.'.
KE8833
Page 7
The above maximum heights were determined by using a factor of
safety of 1.5.
It-is also recommended that footings not be founded nearer than 8
feet measured horizontally inward from the face of the slopes.
Slopes should be planted with erosion resisting plants and'
natural drainage should be directed away from the top of all
slopes such tha~ no' water is allowed to flow over the top.
fOUNDATIONS AND CONCRETE SLABS-ON-GRADE
ÇENERAL: We recommend the structure proposed for this project be
supported by a continuous spread footing foundation system as
recommended below. The following recommendations are submitted
provided the soils within the upper 3 feet from finish grade have
a low expansive potential.
a)
All footings for one and two story structures should be
founded a minimum of 18 inches below adjacent finish
grade. 'Footings should have a minimum width of 12
inches.
b)
Both exterior and interior continuous footings should
be reinforced with two Number 4 bars positioned 3 inches
above the bottom of the footings and two Humber 4 bars
positioned 3 inches clear below finish floor. Footings
and slabs should be placed monolithically.
Interior slabs should be not less than 3 1/2 inches in
thickness, underlain by a 4 inch blanket of clean
concrete sand or crushed rock, reinforced with 6"x6"':'
#lO/#lO welded wire mesh and completely surrounded with,
a continuous footing. Number 3 ties should be placed at
32 inches on center from the slab to the footing.
c)
.
d)
Exterior slabs should be a minimum of 3 1/2 inches in
thickness and should be reinforced with 6"x6"-fI0/fI0
welded wire mesh.
e)
Surface drainage should be directed away from the
proposed foundation. Planters should be constructed so
that water is not allowed to seep beneath foundations or
slabs. over-irrigation of areas adjacent to
foundations and slabs should be avoided.
f)
Prior to placing steel or concrete, the foundation
excavations should be inspected by a representative of
this office to insure that the above recommendations
have been followed.
KETCHUM
ENGINEERING INC.
observation only, and no warranty of any kind whatsoever, -
exp~essed or implied, is made or intended in connection with the
work performed or to be performed by us, or by our proposal for
consulting or other services, or by our furnishing of oral or
written reports or findings.
It is the responsibility of the owners, or their representative
to ensure that the information and recommendations contained
herein are brought 'to the attention of the engineer and architect
for the project and incorporated into the project's plans and
specifications. It is further their responsibility to take the
necessary measures to ensure that the contractor and his
subcontractors carry out such recommendations during
construction.
Inspection services allow the testing of only a very small
percentage of the fill placed at the site. Contractural
arrangements with the grading contractor should contain the
provision that he is responsible for excavating, placing and
compaction of fill in accordance with the project specifications.
Inspection by the geotechnical engineer during grading should not
relieve the grading contractor of his primary responsibility to
perform all work in accordance with the specifications.,
This firm does not practice nor consult in the field of safety
engineering. We do not direct the contractor's operations, and
we cannot be responsible for the safety of other than our own
personnel on the site; therefore, the safety of others is the
responsbility of the contractor. The contractor should notify
the owner if he considers any of the recommended actions
presented herein to be unsafe.
KETCHUM
ENGINEERING INC.
UNifiED
SOIL
CLASSifiCATION
,
",.. GROUP
MAJOR DIVI SIONS SYMBOl TYPICAL NAMES
,..... GRAVELS CLEAN GW Well g',ded g'avell. ",avel-uncI ""a 1"'.1. II.... Of no
J GRAVElS 111\11,
~ MORE T HAH HAlf HESS THAN POOl IV Wlded g',vela 01 8'lvel-Nnd mialu,es. li"le Of
:l a:o 5% FINES) GP no f'MI.
"'0 OF COARSE
ß i~ FRACTION IS GRAVEL GM Silly g;I../s. g,'vel-und-lill mi a I"'". non-plAilic fines.
~ .... Z .., LAAGER THAN WITH
0 Z ~ NO.4 SIEVE FINES GC C"wcy g"IIeII. g"vel-lind-cl,y mialu,es. p~lIic finet.
~ .... 4( I/) !
~ J % ~ CLEAN
Ct- SANDS SW Well g'.d Unds. g'.vellv Undl. lillle Q' no finel,
% a: ~ SANDS
! z.., I/) MORE THAN HALf (l£SS THAN
c~ 5% FINES) SP POOIly e',ded IIndl 01 1I"lIelly IIndl. II".. Of no fir....
~~ OF COAA Sf
'" FRACTION IS SANDS SM Silty undJ. 1Ind-lill mialur'U. non-pl"lic fines.
~~ SMALLER THAN WITH
:I NO. 4 SIEVE FINES SC Ca.vcv Andl. IInd-Ca.y mialur". plulic finel.
'" SilTS AND CLAYS Ml Ino,= ';111 and Yety fine UMI. ,ock llou,. lilly Of
~ ...a:~ c fine IIndS 01 cLI.,ev Ilhl wilh llaghl plul/cily.
O~I/) InotCC ell", 01 low 1O medium pa.llicily. 1I"veII"
~ ...;¡J~ lIOUID LIMIT IS CL c. Mndv ca.ys. lilly ca.ys. leln clAys.
J~"" llSS THAN 50 '"
0 ~I/)iii Ol Organic: aåhl and Of8M'ÌC Ii'y clAVI allow plll&icily.
w
~ !I/)O
-0 SilTS AND CLAYS MH Ntglnic lilli. micKCOUI Q' dÍAI~ fine &Indy Of
~ IN
~ . lefty 1011$. elnllC 11111.
" ",a:2
~ ;¡! UOUID LIMIT IS CH InoteAnÏC ca.VI 01 hilh plaslicily. fIt dAVI.
G: GREATER THAN 50% OH O,g8IIic c'-VI 01 medium 80 high ~lIicily. OIglnÎC "'11.
HIGHLY ORGANIC SOilS PI Pelt and Olhe, highly OIganlC aoill.
GRAIN
SIZE
SAND GRAVEL
SILTS AND CLAYS I r fiNE r COARSE COBBLES BOULDERS
fiNE MEDIUM COARSE
200
U.S. STANDARD SERIES SIEVE
40 10
1- CLEAR SQUARE SIEVE OPENINGS-
4 3/48 3- 128
RELATIVE DENSITY
~
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0
CLAYS AND STRENGTH BlOWS/FOOT
PLASTIC SILTS
VERY SOfT 0 - 1/4 0 - 2
SOFT 1/4 - 112 2 - 4
FIRM 112 - 1 4 - 8
STIFF 1 - 2 8 - 16
VERY STIFF 2 - 4 16 - 32
HARD OVER 4 CNER 32
CONSISTENCY
SANDS.GRAVElS AUJ BlOWS/FOOT
NON-PLASTIC SilTS
VERy LOOSE 0 - 4
LOOSE 4 - 10
MEDIUM DENSE 10 - JO
DENSE .»-50
VERY DENSE OlEA 50
Water level
at time of excavation or as indicated
Undisturbed driven ring or chunk sample
Disturbed bulk sample
BY: ENK
JO 8 NO. 8833
KETCHUM ENGINEERING INC.
7818 QUEBRADA CIRCLE. C A RLSBAD
(619) 944-18
DATE:
5/20/88
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KETCHUM ENGINEERING INC.
7818 QUEBRADA CIRCLE. C A RlSBAD
(619)944-1836 92008
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APPENDIX A
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RECOMMENDED GRADING SPECIFICATIONS
General Intent
The intent of these specifications is to establish procedures for
clearing, compacting natural ground, preparing areas to be filled.
and placing and compacting fill soil to the lines and grades
shown on the accepted plans. The recommendations contained in
the preliminary soil investigation report are a part of the
recommended grading specifications and shall supercede the
provisions contained hereinafter in the case of conflict.
Inspection and Testtng
A qualified soil engineer shall be employed to observe and test
the earthwork in accordance with these specifications. It will
be necessary that the soil engineer or his representative provide
adequate observations so that he may provide a memorandum that
the work was or was not accomplished as specified. Deviations
from these specifications will be permitted only upon written
authorization from the soil engineer. It shall be the
responsibility of the contractor to assist the soil engineer and
to keep him appraised of work schedules, changes and new
information and data so that he may provide the memorandum to the
owner and governmental agency, as required.
If, in the opinion of the soil engineer, substandard conditions
are encountered, such as questionable soil, poor moisture
control, inadequate compaction, adverse weather, etc., the
contractor ,shall stop construction until the conditions are
remedied or corrected. ,
Unless otherwise specified, fill material shall be compacted by
the contractor while at a moisture content near the optimum
moisture content to a density that is not less than 90\ of the
maximum dry density determined in aqcordance with A.S.T.M. Test
Ho. D 1557-70, or other density test methods that will obtain
equivalent results.
Clearing and Preparation of Areas to Receive Ftll
All trees, brush, grass, and other objectionable material shall
be collected, piled, and burned or otherwise disposed of by the
contractor so as to leave the areas that have been cleared with a
neat and finished appearance free from unsightly debris.
All vegetable matter and objectionable material shall be removed
by the contractor from the surface upon which the fill is to be
placed, and an~ loose or porous soils shall be removed or
compacted to the depth determined by the soil engineer. The
surface'shall then be plowed or scarified to a minimum depth of 6
KETCHUM
ENGINEERING INC.
inches until the surface is free from uneven features that would
tend to prevent uniform compaction by the equipment to be used.
When the slope of the natural ground receiving fill exceeds 20%
(5 horizontal to 1 vertical), the original ground shall be
stepped or benched as shown on the attached Plate A. Benches
shall be cut to a firm competent soil condition. The lower bench
shall be at least 10 feet wide and all other benches at least 6
feet wide. Ground slopes flatter than 20% shall be benched when
considered necessary by the soil engineer.
Fill Material
Materials for compacted fill shall consist of any material
imported or excavated from the cut areas that, in the opinion of
the soil engineer, is suitable for use in constructing fills.
The material shall contain no rocks or hard lumps greater than 12
inches in size and shall contain at least 40% of material smaller
than 1/4 inch in size. (Materials greater than 6 inches in size
shall be placed by the contractor so that they are surrounded by
compacted fines; no nesting of rocks shall be permitted.) No
material of a perishable, spongy, or otherwise improper nature
shall be used in filling.
Material placed within 36 inches of rough grade shall be select
material that contains no rocks or hard lumps greater than 6
inches in size and that swells less than 3% when compacted as
hereinafter specified for compacted fill and soaked under an
axial pressure of 150 psf.
Potentially expansive soils may be used in fills below a depth of
36 inches and shall be compacted at a moisture content greater
than the optimum moisture content for the material.
Placin9 Spreadinq and Compactinq of Fill
Approved material shall be placed in areas prepared to receive
fill in layers not to exceed six inches in compacted thickness.
Each layer shall have a uniform moisture content in the range
that will allow the compaction effort to be efficiently applied
to achieve the specified degree of compaction to a minimum
specified density with adequately sized equipment, either
specifically designed for soil compaction or of proven
reliability. Compaction shall be continuous over the entire
area, and the equipment shall make sufficient trips to insure
that the desired density has been obtained throughout the entire
fill. '
When the moisture content of the fill material is below that
specified by the soil engineer, the fill material shall be
aerated by the" contractor by blading, mixing, or other
satisfa~~ory methods until the moisture content is as specified.
KETCHUM
ENGINEERING INC.
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The surface of fill slopes shall be compacted and there shall be
no excess loose soil on the slopes.
InSDection
Observation and compaction tests shall be made by the soil
engineer during the filling and compacting operations so that he
can state his opinion that the fill was constructed in accordance
with the specific~tions. '
The soil engineer shall make field density tests in accordance
with A.S.T.M. Test No. D l556-70. Density tests shall be made in
the compacted materials below the surface where the surface is
disturbed. When these tests indicate that the density of any
layer of fill or portion thereof is below the specified density,
the particular layer portion' shall be reworked until the
specified density has been obtained.
The location and frequency of the tests shall be at the soil
engineer's discretion. In general, the density tests wil be made
at an interval not exceeding two feet in vertical rise and/or 500
cubic yards of embankment.
Protection of Work
During construction the contractor shall properly grade all
excavated surfaces to provide positive drainage and prevent
ponding of water. He shall control surface water to avoid damage
to adjoining properties or to finished work on the site. The
contractor shall take remedial measures to prevent erosion of
freshly graded areas and until such time as permanent drainage
and erosion control features have been installed.
Unforseen Condition
In the event ,that conditions are encountered during the site
preparation and construction that were not encountered during the
preliminary soil investigation, Ketchum Engineering, Inc.,
assumes no responsibility for conditions encountered which differ
from those conditions found and described in the preliminary soil
investigation report.
'. +>.
KETCHUM
ENGINEERING INC.
O\NARDS AND BRO\NN ENGINEERING
DRAINAGE STUDY
FOR
DAVY RESIDENCE
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PREPARED BY:
SOWARDS AND BROWN ENGINEERING, INC "'-
CONSULTING ENGINEERS ' .
2187 NEWCASTLE AVE, SUITE 202, CARDIFF BY THE SEA, CA 92007
(619) 481.7818 ' ,
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90-001
6119/90
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2187 NEWCASTLE AVENUE. SUITE 202 . CARDIFF BY THE SEA. CA 92007 . 619/436-8500
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ELEV. FACTOR
0-1500 LOO
15 00-3000 1.25 - 3.0
0
3000-4000 1.42 f3
4000-5000 1.60 C 2,0
:5000-6000 1.70 Za:
c:[:::t
(1)0
DESERT 1.25 -X
>a:
I-w
To obtain correct intlnslty, 04. 1.0
0.9
Multiply Intensi1, on cllart Z
ILl V) 0.8
by. factor for cfesiln I- ~ 0, 7
e'evafion. Zo
-ZO.6
-
0_5
-
Z 0.4
....
fII
n Z 0.3
0 fJ)
-
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2 z
» I
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-0 G) :u
1"1 0 ""
Z 0
0 C
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X Z,
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~
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4,0
10
M I N UT E S D U RAT ION
20
30 40 50
4
HOURS
2 3
5
10
20
30
40 50
2
3
4
MINUTES
HOURS
DURA TION
5
6 7 8 9 10
:5 6 7 8 9 10
~
0
11
~
1 or '1
(
TABLE 2
RUNOFF COEFFICIENTS (RATIONAL METHOD)
~LOPED AREAS (URBANt
1 .
Land Use
A A f .Q
Res I dent I a I: -
Single Family .40 .45 .50 .55
Hulti-Unlts .45 .50 .60 .70
Mobi Ie homes ).5 .50 .55 .65
Rural (lots greater than 1/2 acre) .30 .35 .40 .45,
Col'MIerci ÐI (2) .70 ,.75 .80 .85
80% Impervious
Industrial (2) .80 .85 .90 .95
90% Impervious
CoefffclentJ
Soil Group (1)
1'"
t .
\.....'"
NOTES:
(1)Obtain soil group from Appendices IX-CI thru IX-C4.
(2)W~ere actual conditions deviate significantly from the tabulated impervioùs-
ness values of 80% or 90%. the values given for coefficIent C, may be revised
by multiplying 80% or 90% by the ratio of actual imperviousness to the'
tabulated imperviousness. However, in no case shall the final coefficient
be less than 0.50. For example: Consider commercial property on 0 soil.
Actual imperviousness
a 50%
Tabulated imperviousness a 8~k
Revised C a 50 X 0.85 a 0.53
, 80
. .
< .."
" '..'
~. ,
.'
':
,
.
;;-
Co.
IX-A Deleted
APPENDI X I x-a
" -. , .." - -- .
, - --. , ---
7-64
HANDBOOK OF HYDRAULICS
STEADY UNIFORM FLOW IN OPEN CHANNELS 7-65
Table 7-15. Values of K for Parabolic Channels in the Formula
K
Q - -Dfu~
ft
D - depth of _ter f' - top wid\h of ehaDae1
Table 7-13. Values of K for Cireular Channels in the Formula
. K
Q- ñ D'i,~
D - dep\h of _ter tl - diameter of ehaDDel
D
tl
.00
.01
.02
.03
.0&
.0lI
.06
.M
.08
.00
D
f'
.00
.01
.02
.03
.0&
.05
.06
.M
.01
.01
1- -
.0 15.02 10.N 8.57 7.38 11.55 5.95 6.47 6.08 4.78
.1 4.49 4.26 4.0& 8.88 3.89 3.M 3.41 3.28 3.17 3.06
.2 U8 2.87 J.79 J.71 2.~ 2.N 2.49 2.42 2.38 2.30
.8 J.Jð UO 2.14 2.00 2.0lI 2.00 1.98 1.92 1.87 1.84
A L8O 1.78 l.n 1.89 1.88 1.82 1.69 1.68 1.63 1.50
.a 1.470 U42 1.415 1.388 1.382 1.336 1.311 1.286 1.262 1.23
.8 U15 1.192 1.170 1.148 1.128 1.10l1 1.084 1.084 1.0&3 1.1
.7 UIO& .984 .985 .1N7 .928 .910 .891 .874 .856
.8 .al JI(N .m .770 .753 .736 .720 .703 .8871 .871
.. M4 .837 .621 .80& .588 .571 .553 .535 .518 .4'
.0 75.59 37.77 25.18 18.85 1s.0lI 12.52 10.71 9~ US
.1 7.43 8.73 8.15 6.86 5.23 ~ 4.63 4.24 8.99 -8.78
.2 3.55 3.36 3.19 3.0& 2.89 2.78 2.M 2.62 ,2.42 2.82
.3 2.228 2.140 2.059 1.984 1.912 1. 1.782 1.n: 1.885 1.811]
A 1.560 1.511 U86 1.421 1.379 1.339 1.301 1.285 1 1.1'
.a 1.186 1.134
.8 .908 .887
.7 .730 .715
.8 .601'.590
.9 .505 .497
1.0
.488
1.0
.431
D .00 .01 .02. .08
tl .03 .0& .0lI .06 .M .00
- - - - - - - - - - -
.0 .OOOO' .00031 .00074 .00138 .00222 .00328 .00455 .00604 .0lf171
.1 .00IIð7 .0118 .0142 .0187 .0195 .0225 .02,57, .0291 .0321 .03116
.2 .1HO8 .0&48 .0&92 .0537 .0585. .0634 .0686 .M38 .0793 .0849
..a .f1tKY1 .09fI6 .1027 .1089 .1163 .1218 .1284 .11S2 .1~ .1490
A .INl .1883 .1 'lOI5 .1779 .1854 .1929 .2005 .2082 .2160 .2238
.a .23J' .J39 .247 .255 .268 .271 .279 .287 .295 .303
.8 .ill .319 .327 .336 .343 .350 .358 .3116 .373 .380
.7' .388 .895 .402 .~ .418 .422 .429 .43~. ."1 ."7
.8 .488 .468 .4e3 .4t18 .473 477 .481 .485 .488 .491
.f AIN .4118 .4f11 .498 .498 .498 .496 .494 .489 .483
1.0 .488
Table 7-16. Values of K' for Parabolic Cbannelsin the Formula
K'
Q - - T,s,~
R
dep\h of _ter f' - top wid\h of ehaDD81
D .00 .01 .08 .M .01
T .02 .03 .04 .0lI .01
f-- - - - - - - - -
.0 .00035 .00111 .00219 .00363 .00511 .CJ9891 .00891 .01110 .01341
.1 .0160 .0187 .0216 .0245 .0278 .0308 .0342 .0378 .0&12 .0441
.2 .0486 .0524 .0563 .0603 .0643 .0884 .0728 .0181 .0811 .0864
.3 .0898 .0942 .0987 .1032 .1077 .1123 .1188 .1215 .1281 .1308
.4 .1355 .1402 .1450 .14f11 .IM5 .1598 .IMl .1889 .lm .17.
.II .183 .188 .193 .198 .203 .208 .213 .218 .223 .228
.8 .232 .237 .242 .247 .252 .267 .282 .28'l .m :rn
.7 .282 .287 .292 .2f11 .3O'J Nt .312 .817 .822 pi
.8 .332 .337 .342 .347 .3ð2 .357 .361 .8fI6 .871 .87fI
.f .381 .388 .391 .3t8 .401 .408 .411 .418 .421 .4211
1.0 .431
rA
~
"
--i) ,
Table 7-14. Values of K' for Circular Channels in the Formula
K'
1-. Q - - d'i,~
,- R
. D - depU¡ of -ter ti - diameter of chaDDcl
!I .
i,
.,
.,
7-34
HANDBOOK OF HYDRAULICS
'.
Table 7-3. For Determining the Vertical Distance g below the
Water Surface to the Center of Gravity of a Cross Section
of a Trapezoidal Channel
depth of -tel' D
Let bo\wm wid'h of channel - ii and C; - w.bulatcd value. Then
, - C;Ð.
SId. 8lopellll c!wmeL ratio of hori8Ofttal to nrtieal
D
"
U-l )(-1 U-l "-1 1-1 1).{-1 2-1 2).{-1 3-1 4-1
- - - - - - -
0.01 0400 .498 .408 .404 .492 .488 .485 .481 .478 .472
.1 0498 AM .492 .488 .485 .478 .472 .487 .482 .452
.15 NIl .404 .488 .488 .478 .489 .482 .455 ."8 .438
.J AM 0492 .485 0478 .472 .482 .452 .444 .438 .428
.J 04116 0490 ."1 0474 .487 .4511 .444 .438 .429 .417
.8 .4IK A88 0478 0489 0482 ."8 .438 .429 .421 .409
.88 .øs Am .475 .485 .467 .443 .431 .422 AlII .403
A 0492 A8II ."72 A82 0452 .438 .428 0417 0409 .39'1
'" 0491 A83 .489 .458 A48 .433 .0&21 .412 .0&00& .393
'.I 0490 .481 .481 .4511 .444 .0&29 .417 .0&07 .400 .389
.8 A88 0478 0482 M8 .438 .421 ."09 .400 .393 .882
.7 Am 0475 .457 AU .431 ."15 .403 .304 .387 .377
.8 .485 0472 .4112 .438 .0&28 .0&09 .39'1 .389 .382 .3'T3
.9 A83 MIl .448 A33 .421 .0&00& .393 .385 .378 .310
1.0 :0&81 Am .444 A29 .417 .400 .889 .381 .3711 .381
Ll .480 AM 0441 .0&211 .413 .396 .385 .378 .372 .3M
1.J 0478 0482 .438 .0&21 .0&09 .393 .382 .875 .310 .382
1.8 04'1'1 .4110 .434 .418 .408 .390 .380 .373 .381 .380
U 04'111 MIl .431 AlII .403 .387 .377 .310 .385 .359
U 04'14 A55 .0&29 0412 AGO .385 .875 .368 .3M .357
1.8 Aft .m .428 AGO .39'1 .382 .3'T3 .881 .382 .358
1.'1 An .0&lIO 0423 AO'1 .895 .380 .371 .885 .381 .8515
1.8 .489 M8 .421 AOf .893 .378 .370 .8M .311t .3M
1.t .488 M8 .41t .4CtA .89l .377 .368 .382 .3S8 .353
2.0 Am M4 .417' .400 .389 .37'5 .381 .381 .357' .352
.;'.
",,",-c""""~
. i
. ~
,I
. .
I
JI
.~
STEADY UNIFOR:\( FLOW I~ OPE~ CHA~NELS 7-35
Table 7-4. For Determining the Area a or the Cross Section of a
Circular Conduit Flowing Part Full
depth of _tel' D
Le\ diamewr of channel - if aDd C. - ,be w.bu1atcd value. TbeD a - C.4t.
D
~
.00
.01
.02
.03
.04
.05
.08
.f11
.08
.00
.0 .0000 .00131
.1 .0409 .047°1
.2 .1118 .1199
.3 .1982 .20'7"1
.4 .2934 .3032
.02421 '02IK .OSSO'
.0981 .1039
.1~ .1890
.2'139 .28a8
.3'm .aå2'1
.11 .393
.8 .4!12
.7' .1187
.8 .814
.9 ,.7"5
'403""13 .423 .433 .443 "'53['482 .472 .482
.502 .51! .521 .1131 .1140 .6150 .559 .588 .11'78
.598 .805 .81" .823 .832 .1140 .Mt .etIT .-
.881 .889 .897 .704 .7'12 .7'1t .'12S .'132 .~
.750 .758 .781 .768 .'1'11 .775 .779 .'182 .1M
Table 7-5. For Determining the Hydraulic Radius r of the Cross
Section of a Circular Conduit Flowing Part Full
depth of _ter D
Let diameter of channel - if and C. - ,be w.bu1atcd value. TbeD r - Cr4.
D .00 .01 .02 .03 .04 .05 .08 .f11 .08 .09
~
- - - I- -
.0 .000 .f1f1T .013 .020 .028 .033 .039 .Ð45 .011 .081
.1 .083 .f110 .f115 .081 .CRT .093 .099 .104 .110 .1111
.2 .121 .128 .131 .138 .10&2 .10&7' .1112 .15'T .181 .168
.3 .17'1 .118 .180 .185 .189 .193 .198 .202 .JO8 .JI0
.4 .214 .218 .222 .J2fI .229 .23S .236 .240 JIØ -"7'
.5 .2110 .253 .258 .289 .282 .2fI5 .288 .rro .m .f!111
.8 .m .280 .282 .1M .236 .288 .290 .292 .- .I9ð
'TN .- .299 .300 .301 .302 .302 .303 .8CK .8CK
.8 .304 .304 .304 .304 .804 .303 .303 .302 .301 .299
.0 .298 .29fI .294 .292 .289 .288 .283 .2'79 .f!1" .281
. I
~:
~
,\\,
...J) ;
MV ENGINEERING, INC.
2450 Vineyard Avenue, #102
Escondida, California 92029-1229
619/743-1214 Fax: 739-0343
Job #1329-90
August 28, 1991
Mr. Eric Davy
l133 Columbia street, suite #202
San Diego, California 92101
Final As Graded compaction Report For The Remedial Grading
Conducted In The Northeast Corner Of The House Footing Area,
Driveway Entrance, And A portion Of The Retaining Walls Completed
To Date, For The proposed single Family Residence Located Off Of
Humminabird Hill. city of Encinitas Drawina #0285-G
Pursuant to your authorization, a final as graded compaction report
has been prepared for the above referenced proj ect. We have
completed engineering observation and testing services in
conjunction with the grading operation. This report summarizes the
results of our tests and observations of the compacted fill. The
compacted fill in the subject areas was placed during the period
of November l6, 1990, March 28 and 29, 1991, April 1 and 24, 1991,
and August 23, 1991.
As this report addresses only a portion of the entire project, test
numbers may be out of sequence. Tests not addressed in this report
may be found in our previous Interim As Graded compaction Report
dated November 20,1990.
since the issuance of our Interim Report, the unfinished items
listed in that report have now been completed.
I. GROUND PREPARATION
Prior to final grading operations being conducted, all vegetation
was removed, the areas needing to be undercut, were undercut to a
depth of 1 foot below the bottom of the footing in the northeast
corner of the house, and the driveway area was undercut to a depth
of 3 feet below existing grade.
II. FILL PLACEMENT
Fill was placed in six to eight inch
of heavy construction equipment.
performed in accordance wi th ASTM
method, as the fill was placed. The
field density tests are shown on the
lifts and compacted by means
Field density tests were
Method D-1556-82 sand cone
approximate locations of the
attached drawing.
..
..
Mr. Eric Davy
August 28,1991
Page 2
The locations of the tests were so placed to provide the best
possible coverage. Areas of low compaction, as indicated by the
field density tests, were brought to the attention of the
contractor. These areas were reworked by the contractor and
retested. The test locations and final test results are summarized
on the compaction test result table. The results of our field
density tests and laboratory testing indicate that the fills at the
site were compacted to at least 90% of the maximum dry density at
the tested locations.
III. APPROPRIATE LABORATORY TESTS
A. The maximum dry density and optimum moisture contents of the
different soil types used as compacted fill were determined in
accordance with ASTM Method D-1557-78.
IV. RECOMMENDATIONS
site preparation and grading were conducted in substantial
conformance with the Grading Ordinance for the City of Encinitas
and the Soils Investigation Report by Ketchum Engineering, Inc.,
dated May 29, 1990. All inspections and testing were conducted
under the supervision of this office. All embankments and
excavations were constructed in accordance with the approved
grading plans and are acceptable for their intended use.
A. Slopes
All slopes should be landscaped with types of plants and planting
that do not require excessive irrigation. Excess watering of
slopes should be avoided. Slopes left unplanted will be subject
to erosion. The irrigation system should be installed in
accordance with the governing agencies.
Water should not be allowed to flow over the slopes in an
uncontrolled manner. Until landscaping is fully established,
plastic sheeting should be kept accessible to protect the slopes
from periods of prolonged and/or heavy rainfall. Berms should be
constructed along the top edges of all fill slopes.
MV ENGINEERING, INC.
. 2450 VINEYARD AVENUE, #102 .
ESCONDIDO, CALIFORNIA 92029-1229 . 619/743-1214
SOILS TESTING
PERC TEST
SOIL INVESTIGATIONS
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS
~
Mr. Eric Davy
August 28,1991
Page 3
Brow ditches should be constructed along the top of all cut slopes
sufficient to guide runoff away from the building site and adjacent
fill slopes prior to the project being completed.
B. Drainaqe
The owner/developer is responsible to insure adequate measures are
taken to properly finish grade the building pad after the
structures and other improvements are in place so that the drainage
waters from the improved site and adjacent properties are directed
away from proposed structures. A minimum of two percent gradient
should be maintained away from all foundations. Roof gutters and
downspouts should be installed on the building. All discharge from
downspouts should be led away from the foundations and slab.
Installation of area drains in the yards should also be considered.
In no case should water be allowed to pond or flow over slopes.
The property owner should be made aware that altering drainage
patterns, landscaping, the addition of patios, planters, and other
improvements, as well as over irrigation and variations in seasonal
rainfall, all affect subsurface moisture conditions, which in turn
affect structural performance.
V. GENERAL INFORMATION
It should be noted that the characteristics of as-compacted fill
may change due to post-construction changes from cycles of drying
and wetting, water infiltration, applied loads, environmental
changes, etc. These changes can cause detrimental changes in the
fill characteristics such as in strength behavior, compressibility
behavior, volume change behavior, permeability, etc.
The owner/developer should be made aware of the possibility of
shrinkage cracks in concrete and stucco materials. The American
Concrete Institute indicates that most concrete shrinks about l/8-
inch in 20 feet. Separation between construction and cold joints
should also be expected.
This office is to be notified no later than 3 p.m. on the day
before any. of the following operations begin to schedule
appropriate testing and/or inspections.
MV ENGINEERING, INC.
.
2450 VINEYARD AVENUE, #102
.
ESCONDIDa, CALIFORNIA 92029-1229
.
619/743-1214
SOILS TESTING
PERC TEST
SOIL INVESTIGATIONS
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS
Mr. Eric Davy
August 28,1991
Page 4
l. Fill placed under any conditions l2 inches or more in depth,
to include:
a. Building pads.
b. street improvements, sidewalks,
c. utility trench backfills.
d. Retaining wall backfills.
e. The spreading or placement of
excavation (footing or pool, etc).
curbs and gutters.
soil obtained from any
2. subgrade and basegrade preparation and testing.
3. Moisture testing.
4. Foundation inspections.
5. Any operation not included herein which requires our testing,
supervision, and inspection for certification to the appropriate
agencies.
VI. LIMITATIONS
Our description of grading operations, as well as observations and
testing services herein, have been limited to those grading
operations performed during the period November 16, 1990, March 28
and 29, 1991, April land 24, 1991, and August 23, 1991. The
conclusions contained herein have been based upon our observations
and testing as noted. No representations are made as to the
quality or extent of materials not observed and tested.
The attached drawing details the approximate locations of cuts,
fills, and locations of the density tests taken and is applicable
to the site at the time this report was prepared. This report
should be considered valid for permit purposes for a period of six
months and is subject to review by our firm following that time.
IF ANY CHANGES ARE MADE - PAD SIZE, BUILDING LOCATION, ELEVATIONS,
ETC. - THIS REPORT WILL BECOME INVALID AND FURTHER ENGINEERING AND
RECOMMENDATIONS WILL BECOME NECESSARY.
MV ENGINEERING, INC.
. 2450 VINEYARD AVENUE, #102
.
ESCONDIDa, CALIFORNIA 92029-1229 .
619/743-1214
SOILS TESTING
PERC TEST
SOIL INVESTIGATIONS
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS
Mr. Eric Davy
August 28,1991
Page 5
If you have any questions or need clarification, please contact
this office at your convenience. Reference to our Job #1329-90
will help to expedite our response to your inquiries.
We appreciate this opportunity
XV BNGINEB:r;CÆ /~
GE #863
RMV / fll'W
to be of service to you.
Distribution:
Addressee (2)
Mr. Norsky Chicks, JC Construction Company (6)
a:1329-90.RFl
MV ENGINEERING, INC.
.
2450 VINEYARD AVENUE, #102
.
ESCONDIDO, CALIFORNIA 92029-1229
.
619/743-1214
SOILS TESTING
PERC TEST
SOIL INVESTIGATIONS
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS
if" ,
JOB NO.
NAME
LOCATION
1329-90
MR. ERIC DAVY
HUMMINGBIRD HILL, ENCINITAS
LEGEND - FIELD DENSITY TESTS RESULTS
WATER:
W.M. = Water Main
W.S.o. = Water Service Outlet
F.H. = Fire Hydrant
W.T.I. = Water Tie In
STORM DRAIN:
S.D. = Storm Drain
S.D.L. = storm Drain Lateral
S.D.C.O. = Storm Drain
Clean out Box
PAVING:
S.G. = Subgrade
B.G. = Basegrade
S. W. = Sidewalk
P.L. = Parking Lot
C/G = Curb & Gutter
SEWER:
S.M. = Sewer Main
S.L. = Sewer Lateral
S.M.H. = Sewer Man Hole
S.T.I. = Sewer Tie In
COMMON OR JOINT TRENCH:
C.T. = Common Trench
C.T.L. = Common Trench Lateral
C.T.B. = Common Trench Box
MISCELLANEOUS;
F.G. = Finish Grade
U.C. = Undercut
STA = station
H.W. = Head Wall
W.W. = Wing Wall
JOB NO.
1329-90
NAME
MR. ERIC DAVY
HUMMINGBIRD HILL, ENCINITAS
LOCATION
TEST RESULTS -
Laboratory Compaction Tests:
soil Type - Tan silty Sand*
Maximum Dry Density
117.0 pcf
optimum Moisture
14.0%
*From the Soils Investigation Report by Ketchum Engineering, Inc. dated May 19, 1990.
Field Density Tests:
Date Test
1990 No.
11/16 20
11/16 2l
1l/16 22
11/16 23
1991
3/28 24
3/29 25
3/29 26
Location
Ht.of
Fill
Field
Moist.
Field Dry
Density
Rel.Comp.
1 of Max.
Lab Dry
Density
Loffel Block Wall Backfill
93.4
l17.0
79.8
+2'
15.8
Loffel Block Wall Backfill +2' 15.6 l06.7 117.0 91.2
Loffel Block Wall Backfill +4' l6.3 106.9 l17.0 9l.4
Loffel Block Wall Backfill +6'FG l4.9 105.4 ll7.0 90.1
"'
Comments
Behind
House
Retest 20
Behind
House
Behind
House
Wall Backfill behind garage +2' 19.9 106.1 ll7.0 90.7
Wall Backfill behind garage +4' 16.6 107.3 117.0 91.7
House Footing northeast corner +l'FG 15.9 106.3 117.0 90.9 l' und~r-
cut
. \
-
JOB NO. 1329-90
NAME MR. ERIC DAVY
LOCATION HUMMINGBIRD HILL, ENCINITAS
Field Density Tests:
Date Test Ht.of Field Field Dry Lab Dry Rel.Comp.
1991 No. Location Fill Moist. Density Density % of Max. Comments
4/1 27 Wall Backfill behind garage +6' 15.8 l07.3 ll7.0 91.7
4/1 28 Wall Backfill behind garage +8' 18.6 l05.3 117.0 90.0
4/24 29 Wall Backfill behind garage +lO'FG l5.1 l07.6 1l7.0 92.0
4/24 30 Wall, Front entrance of house -4' 15.7 100.7 117.0 86.1 To be re-
moved and
replaced
at a later
date
8/23 31 New driveway entrance -1' 12.4 105.3 1l7.0 90.0 3' under-
cut
8/23 32 New driveway entrance FG l3.9 106.2 1l7.0 90.8
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REFERENCES - DATE SCALE LM I APMVALS <X=,ENC1N1TA8 PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
-APPROVED. DATE BBCH MAW
NINON
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APgROVED
RECOMM
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ORIZONTAL DATE
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DATE: D 113. t3ja
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